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Giants in the Earth (opera)
''Giants in the Earth'' is a 1951 Pulitzer Prize-winning opera in three acts by composer Douglas Moore. The work uses an English libretto by Arnold Sundgaard (1909–2006) after Ole Edvart Rølvaag's 1924-5 novel of the same name. The idea for the opera was originally conceived by Sundgaard, and depicts a story of tragedy and romance among Norwegian American settlers of Dakota Territory in 1873.〔Eaton, Quaintance (1961). ''Opera Production: A Handbook, Volume 1'', p.73. University of Minnesota Press. ISBN 9780816657537.〕 The work was premiered on March 28, 1951 at Columbia University's Brander Matthews Theatre by the Columbia Opera Workshop.
The Pulitzer jury concluded: "In no opera by an American is there music of such freshness, beauty, and distinctive character. The music has a life of its own apart from its appositeness to the text... Subject, text, and music avoid the cliché and commonplace and combine for an impression of strength and sincerity."〔Clifton, Chalmers and Lockwood, Norman (April 9, 1951). "Report of the Pulitzer Prize Music Jury", p.1. New York. cited in Heinz-Dietrich Fischer, Erika J. Fischer, eds. (2001). ''Musical Composition Awards 1943-1999: From Aaron Copland and Samuel Barber to Gian-Carlo Menotti and Melinda Wagner'', p.xxi n.24. Walter de Gruyter. ISBN 9783110955750.〕 Moore's compositional style is highly vocal and features a speech-like, through-composed, "lack of melodic repetition," with a, "fluidity and natural feel () the vocal lines."〔McBride, Jerry L. (2011). ''Douglas Moore: A Bio-bibliography'', p.39. A-R Editions. ISBN 9780895796660.〕 Contrastingly, the lack of character development and liveliness, the almost complete lack of attention grabbing motifs, the length, and the premiere performance have all been criticized.〔McBride (2011), p.39-40.〕 Olin Downes wrote that the opera was mostly, "recitative of little inherent significance."〔
The premiere cast included soprano Brenda Miller Cooper as the central figure Beret, along with Josh Wheeler, Roy Johnson, Vivian Bauer, Sam Bertsche, Helen Dautrich, James Cosenza, Frances Paige, Raymond Sharp, and Edward Black. In 1963 Moore improved the orchestration and depiction of Beret at the request of Carl Fischer Music.〔McBride (2011), p.59.〕
The runners up for the Pulitzer that year were Quincy Porter's ''String Quartet No. 8'', Peter Mennin's ''Symphony No. 5'', and David Diamond's ''Symphony No. 3''.〔
==References==
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